Write a 1- to 2-page memo or create a 1- to 2-page table that summarizes attack threats from hackers to any business, noting which are applicable to your client’s business; how the vulnerabilities in a system can be exposed; and countermeasures that can mitigate against threats from attack.

Describe sniffing attacks, identify a protocol that is vulnerable to sniffing, and suggest appropriate countermeasures.

Describe session hijacking, provide an example of a specific threat from session hijacking, and recommend appropriate countermeasures for the threat. 

Describe spoofing, provide an example of a specific threat from spoofing, and recommend appropriate countermeasures for the threat. 

Describe poisoning attacks, provide an example of a specific threat from a poisoning attack, and recommend appropriate countermeasures for the threat. 

Describe denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, explain the threat from DoS attacks, and recommended countermeasures that can prevent them.

Format your references according to APA guidelines.